有机无机肥料配合施用对玉米根系的影响

以玉米品种四密21为材料,通过土柱模拟试验研究了有机无机肥料配合施用对玉米根系的影响.结果表明:有机无机肥料配合施用,提高了玉米各土层特别是中、下层根系干重和比率;增加根系伤流量;延缓根系活力下降;降低根系MDA含量;提高根系SOD活性.所以能够延缓玉米根系器官的衰老,从而使玉米产量提高.     

稻米品质性状与产量性状及籼粳分化度的相互关系研究

通过QTL的连锁关系和性状相关性研究表明,供试的籼粳重组自交系群体的籼粳分化程度与籼、粳稻的直链淀粉含量高低无直接关系,籼粳分化度与胶稠度、碱消值、蛋白质和粗脂肪含量之间呈现显著相关和密切连锁关系;直链淀粉含量的高低不是影响稻米食味品质的关键因素,胶稠度和碱消值是影响稻米食味品质的最重要因素;单株产量越高,     

玉米根系活力与耐铝性的关系

铝胁迫可提高耐铝自交系根系还原力，而铝敏感自交系TTC还原强度则显著下降,表明自交系根系TTC相对还原强度与耐铝性具有很好的一致性。耐铝自交系根系活跃吸收面积，尤其是根系活跃吸收面积占总吸收面积的比例相对较高。铝胁迫可维持或略提高铝自交系根系氧化力，而敏感自交系根系氧化力则有所下降，说明耐铝自交系在铝胁迫下仍可维持较高的呼吸代谢活性。铝胁迫可造成玉米自交系伤流量减少，且敏感自交系降幅较大。     

低磷胁迫下水稻不同品种根系有机酸分泌的差异

以4个对低磷反应不同的典型水稻品种（系）为材料，对其在低磷胁迫下根系有机酸分泌这一根系生理特性进行了比较研究。结果表明，低磷胁迫能促使水稻根系分泌更多的有机酸，这在耐低磷品种中表现尤为明显。     

中国现有葡萄品种叶片形态评价与分析

以中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所葡萄资源圃中保存的342个葡萄品种的成熟叶片为试材,采用度量性状与非度量性状相结合的调查方法,研究了供试葡萄品种的叶宽等9个度量性状和叶片形状等8个非度量性状,以期为进一步建立葡萄种质资源叶片性状数据库奠定基础。结果表明:现有栽培葡萄品种的叶片形状主要为楔形和五角形;9个度量性状具有明显的变异性,且与长度有关的度量性状变异系数均大于16.51%;主成分分析表明与长度有关的度量性状为第一主成分,与角度有关的为第二主成分,与比值有关的为第三主成分,累计贡献率达到77.186%。     

柞蚕杂种优势的研究与利用

我国自20世纪70年代开始系统开展柞蚕杂种优势的研究,从柞蚕不同经济性状的杂种优势分析,到通过重要生化酶指标预测主要经济性状的杂种优势表现,为柞蚕优良新品种选育奠定了理论基础。依据对交亲本的亲缘关系、遗传特性、主要性状表现,采用二元、三元或多元杂交形式组配的柞蚕优良杂交组合,使生产上推广的柞蚕新品种较大程度地发挥了增产增收作用,生产上柞蚕杂交种的普及率已达到90%以上。今后应充分利用现代分子生物学技术手段,加强柞蚕重要经济性状的遗传规律研究及育种材料的创新,提高杂种优势的利用率;针对柞蚕杂交组合的特殊性,在生产上采用合理的放养利用模式,并严格按杂交形式繁育优势杂交组合的对交品种,保证生产用杂交种的品质。     

基质添加菌剂对黄瓜根际环境及产量的影响

在播种前和定植后分别向基质中添加FZB-42、GM以及Bio微生物菌剂,研究其对黄瓜生长和基质环境的影响。连续3茬试验结果表明:添加GM菌剂减缓了基质pH值的升高速度,提高了基质的电导率,改善了基质营养供应能力;FZB-42处理能显著减少基质中细菌数量,增加放线菌数量;FZB-42、GM和Bio处理的黄瓜根长分别比对照增加57.1%、51.8%和44.9%,根表面积增加了56.5%、51.5%和44.3%,根体积增加了35.4%、82.3%和61.1%;不同菌剂处理均能提高黄瓜单株产量,Bio和GM处理增产效果明显。     

Effect of different drip irrigation methods and fertilization on growth,physiology and water use of young apple tree

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three drip irrigation methods (i.e. conventional drip irrigation (CDI), both sides of the root-zone irrigated with full watering, alternate drip irrigation (ADI), both sides of the root-zone irrigated alternatively with half of the full watering, and fixed drip irrigation (FDI), only one side of the root-zone irrigated with half of the full watering) on growth, physiology, root hydraulic conductance and water use of young apple tree under different nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) fertilization (i.e. CK (no fertilization), N₁ (0.2 g N/kg), N₂ (0.4 g N/kg), P₁ (0.2 g P₂O₅/kg) and P₂ (0.4 g P₂O₅/kg)). Results show that compared to CDI, ADI and FDI reduced mean root dry mass, daily transpiration, root hydraulic conductance (K_r), leaf photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of young apple tree by 6.9 and 27.7, 29.3 and 45.0, 6.8 and 37.9, 2.5 and 4.8, 32.6 and 33.0, 22.1 and 22.3%, but increased leaf water use efficiency (WUE) by 31.3 and 29.8%, respectively when they saved irrigation water by 50%. Compared to the CK, N or P fertilization significantly increased K_r, and K_r was increased with the increased N or P fertilization level. There were parabolic correlations between K_r and root dry mass, daily transpiration and stomatal conductance. Our results indicate that ADI reduced transpiration rate significantly, but it did not reduce photosynthesis rate and K_r significantly, thus alternate drip irrigation improved WUE and the regulation ability of water balance in plants.     

Effect of cold cathode fluorescent lamps on growth of Gerbera jamesonii plantlets in vitro

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) on the growth of Gerbera jamesonii var. ‘Rui Kou’ plantlets in vitro in six different light quality ratios: 100% red CCFL (R), 80% R + 20% blue CCFL (B), 70% R + 30% B, 60% R + 40% B, 100% B and white CCFLs (W). Control radiation was provided by conventional heat-generating plant growth fluorescent lamps (PGFLs). Plantlets under CCFLs showed better plantlet height, SPAD value (i.e., leaf chlorophyll content) and root activity (as assessed by root dehydrogenase activity) than those growing under PGFLs while all other growth parameters were comparable with plants under conventional lighting systems.     

甜瓜结实花初花节位QTL分析

 以WI998为母本（纯雌株、厚皮网纹甜瓜品系）,TopMark为父本（雄全同株纯合品系）,配置杂交组合,利用单粒传得到171个株系的重组自交系（F₂S₄）群体构建甜瓜SSR分子标记遗传连锁图谱。该连锁图谱包含19个连锁群,覆盖基因组长度为1 414.2 cM,标记间平均距离为10.2 cM。对结实花初花节位开展QTL分析,共检测到9个QTL,分别分布在第1、9、10、11连锁群上,各QTL的LOD值在2.89 ~ 9.42之间,4个QTL贡献率超过10%。位于第9连锁群的QTL Fp9.4贡献率最大,为18.57%（2010秋季LOD = 9.17）;位于第9连锁群的Fp9.3（2010春季8.64%,LOD = 6.44;2010秋季17.99%,LOD = 9.42）,位于第10连锁群的Fp10.1（2010春季3.59%,LOD = 2.89;2010秋季6.20%,LOD = 3.43）在两季的位置都很稳定。获得与结实花初花节位紧密连锁（< 10 cM）的8个特异标记（SSR01737、MU141991、TJ105、GCM206、SSR04910、MU173563、NR52、MU146331）,为进一步开展QTL精细定位提供参考。